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Agreement Among 4 Sampling Methods to Identify Respiratory Pathogens in Dairy Calves with Acute Bovine Respiratory Disease 
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Staple meat and milk provide excellent nutrition, but when traditional foods and ingredients are tailored to meet the particular nutritional or lifestyle demands of a population they become even more attractive and valuable. These foods can be considered as delivery systems for health-promoting nutrients. Nutritional improvement of meat and milk can be achieved several ways, preferably by making desirable changes on-farm to directly improve the food without subsequent manipulations. Scope for these changes is limited by animal homeostasis, but alternatives may be less desirable. Methods in vivo that suit typical pastoral farming practice and can complement the solving of animal health and production problems include: selection of traits or phenotypes; specialty diets; long-acting parenteral supplements; and modification of ruminal microflora. Successful techniques to increase the concentration of calcium, selenium, iodine and iron in milk or meat are described. Manipulations to change composition are only one part of bringing tailored foods to market. Commercial realisation of these new products needs the initiative and collaboration of scientists, veterinarians, growers and producers responding to market pull. The uptake of future biotechnologies to capture more value inside the farm gate will also be required if the pastoral industry in New Zealand is to sustain a global competitive advantage. 相似文献
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Wm Tod Drost DVM Terry W. Lehenbauer DVM MPVM Phd Jeff Reeves DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2002,43(2):124-131
Canine cervical vertebral instability is a complex syndrome involving cervical spinal cord compressive lesions. Doberman pinschers and Great Danes are the most commonly affected breeds. Measurements of vertebral canal diameter (VCD), vertebral body height (H), and vertebral body length (L) were made from C3-C7 in 24 Doberman pinschers and 8 Great Danes by using digital and analog techniques. Significant differences between affected and unaffected sites were noted for Doberman pinschers at C6 (P = 0.039) and C7 (P = 0.027) using analog measurements of VCD/H, and Great Danes at C6 using analog (P = 0.041) and digital (P = 0.004) measurements of VCD/L. Cervical vertebral ratios have potential as a breed-specific screening tool for cervical vertebral instability and warrant longitudinal studies. 相似文献
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SUMMARY Suckling and yearling calves were surgically castrated and one half of each group implanted with 36 mg zeranol at time of castration. Both treated and control cattle of each class were maintained as a group and evaluated for swelling of the scrotum, inflammation and healing, plasma prostaglandin levels and weight gain. Swelling and inflammation of the scrotum were less in treated suckling calves than in controls at both 7 and 14 d after castration, though this difference was not statistically significant. In yearlings at 7 d after castration, treated cattle had more swelling than controls; however at 14 d, treated cattle had less swelling and inflammation with only one treated yearling having an open scrotal wound versus 6 (P <.03) in the control group. Plasma prostaglandin levels as indicated by plasma malondialdehyde increased from d 0 to 14; however no significant treatment differences were observed for either age group. Suckling calves treated with zeranol gained 9.79 kg more (P <.03) than non-treated calves during the 97 d of trial while the yearlings treated with zeranol gained 16.78 kg more (P <.01) than controls during 102 d. It is concluded from the increased growth and reduced scrotal swelling and inflammation in treated cattle that zeranol implantation could possibly have a beneficial effect in improving the healing process after castration. 相似文献
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Dairy Herd Management Program 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Dairy Herd Management Program has served both dairymen and veterinarians very well over the past several years under a variety of conditions. A number of veterinarians have used the Dairy Herd Management Program to provide computerized dairy record service to their clients. In many of these situations, clients have decided to purchase a computer system of their own after discovering the value of having improved, computerized dairy records. The Dairy Herd Management Program is able to efficiently handle data from large dairies without disrupting daily record-keeping routines. With this data, useful reports are generated that measure actual reproductive performance against target levels or goals. Because the Dairy Herd Management Program focuses on specific time intervals and includes data from culled cows, trends or drops in reproductive performance are more quickly detected so that corrective action can be taken to minimize economic losses. The Dairy Herd Management Program's strong points include batch entry of data, an inclusive yet flexible Vet Check List of cows to be examined, and a detailed, comprehensive Reproductive Summary report. Its major weakness is the lack of a custom report generator for specific situations or conditions. This problem is being addressed in the new version. With the improvements scheduled for the new version, the Dairy Herd Management Program should be able to meet all of the needs of dairy managers and veterinarians alike, as well as become a powerful tool for conducting dairy reproductive field trials and research. 相似文献
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Drost WT Henry GA Meinkoth JH Woods JP Lehenbauer TW 《American journal of veterinary research》2000,61(9):1016-1020
OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively determine echogenicity of the liver and renal cortex in clinically normal cats. ANIMALS: 17 clinically normal adult cats. PROCEDURE: 3 ultrasonographic images of the liver and the right kidney were digitized from video output from each cat. Without changing the ultrasound machine settings, an image of a tissue-equivalent phantom was digitized. Biopsy specimens of the right renal cortex and liver were obtained for histologic examination. Mean pixel intensities within the region of interest (ROI) on hepatic, renal cortical, and tissue-equivalent phantom ultrasonographic images were determined by histogram analysis. From ultrasonographic images, mean pixel intensities for hepatic and renal cortical ROI were standardized by dividing each mean value by the mean pixel intensity from the tissue-equivalent phantom. RESULTS: The mean (+/- SD) standardized hepatic echogenicity value was 1.06 +/- 0.02 (95% confidence interval, 1.02 to 1.10). The mean standardized right renal cortical echogenicity value was 1.04 +/- 0.02 (95% confidence interval, 1.01 to 1.08). The mean combined standardized hepatic and renal cortical echogenicity value was 1.02 +/- 0.05 (95% confidence interval, 0.99 to 1.04). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Quantitative determination of hepatic and renal cortical echogenicity in cats is feasible, using histogram analysis, and may be useful for early detection of diffuse parenchymal disease and for serially evaluating disease progression. 相似文献